Mntener T, Schuepbach-Regula G, Frank L, Rfenacht S, Welle MM. FIGURE 1 Avas skin showing alopecia, hypotrichosis, and hyperpigmentation. Empiric treatment with thyroxine and melatonin (of unknown dose and duration) did not result in hair regrowth, nor did treatment with trilostane (2.4 mg/kg PO q24h for 30 days). Albanese F, Malerba E, Abramo F, Miragliotta V, Fracassi F. Deslorelin for the treatment of hair cycle arrest in intact male dogs. nn}NnMf!,;`VL!0OF&T>S=I"Pcio{pC{%"/{)b[q/x{zw;9SVz4&) No treatment is guaranteed to be successful. Update my browser now, The term alopecia X describes a range of conditions in plush-coated breeds, such as Pomeranians, Alaskan Malamutes, Chow Chows and Keeshonds, where the cause of the alopecia cannot be determined. Acceptable Use Policy, Listen as host Alyssa Watson, DVM, talks with the authors of your favorite. +jc2 eSkU5pe@8>DYy3'b5=+dpL) hR~)wuDt`(b -f2~-]F82`296iH*Q\IBxK$l-SNI1K[?x)p$I3ad|! Treatment with deslorelin has been successful in some intact male dogs. By the fourth recheck, after 4 monthly injections, there was evidence of incomplete hair regrowth (Figure 2). Cefpodoxime has been shown to be effective in the treatment of staphylococcal infections.2 Although some dermatologists will use cefpodoxime as a first-line agent,3 others recommend third-generation cephalosporins be used as first-line agents only if there is a problem with owner compliance, as in this case.4, Alopecia X treatment options presented to the owner included retrying melatonin (3 mg PO q12h for a minimum of 3 months) or monthly medroxyprogesterone acetate injections (5 mg/kg SC), although, at the time of recommendation, success rates were unknown and treatment was novel. She has been a practicing dermatologist for 28 years. Linda A. Frank, DVM, MS, DACVD, is a professor of dermatology at University of Tennessee. %PDF-1.7 x}\WSWz]\`f *((JQ(bh[i&FDM4Ke;wvA 8g37~a / |[*OM ;wOsd\k|NhX.,vwYq?V\*Z $8LHO Stoll S, Dietlin C, Nett-Mettler CS. endobj dba Brief Media All Rights Reserved. : SZAZ:s0qLG.b=#6@[33E 4AlhFl9sDs>qC:"X# > ">5!.%Ka)2X+a%*X a:u"> G_"nE_qOO8iE Potential adverse effects of treatment must be weighed with the clinical presentation of a cosmetic condition. Comparison of the efficacy of cefpodoxime proxetil and cephalexin in treating bacterial pyoderma in dogs. /Type /Stream e:T*\2pj\z_t$.M q8@dWtSS/[/cBB?gt'Z3-#C-eZ: 4a >K~. In: Miller WH, Griffin CE, Campbell KL, eds. Because the patient had begun to show signs of improvement, an additional 2 monthly injections (total of 6) were administered, after which hair regrowth improved minimally. Avas skin in the affected areas became hyperpigmented. a]#],eh)-#r0#4X KvdmeJv32kq ;n%9W5e2WYX&kWv]nW1j&pEd/NQmTX4m]-E:" Co. Diabetes mellitus is a possible sequela but has been reported only in a small number of dogs in one study.6. For questions or inquiries please contact us. Endocrine and metabolic diseases. In addition to generalized scaling, multiple epidermal collarettes were present on the dorsum, neck, and caudal abdomen. The patients monitoring plan also entailed monthly serum chemistry profiles and urinalyses to monitor for adverse effects (see Treatment at a Glance). Rosser EJ. jI\#1vN.JTTh 1Nv+"JW h21H9Ode. /Filter /FlateDecode Cefpodoxime was chosen for its q24h dosing to accommodate the dogs small size and the owners difficulty in administering oral medications. The distal extremities, tail, and face were unaffected. On physical examination, large areas of hypotrichosis with loss of guard hairs and complete alopecia were noted on the neck, chest, abdomen, caudal thighs, and flanks (Figure 1). NgsTZ,U VASHI4U:]3zz IXjB%KL ^PrPVqE-R)#LAQqBKL$!B3dI"i_ws9+:9vqs@6g Guidelines for the diagnosis and antimicrobial therapy of canine superficial bacterial folliculitis (Antimicrobial Guidelines Working Group of the International Society for Companion Animal Infectious Diseases). One place. Medroxyprogesterone acetate injections were considered because synthetic progestins can induce endogenous growth hormone secretion, and growth hormone has historically been used to treat alopecia X.5 Possible adverse effects include development of mammary nodules and cystic endometrial hyperplasia; however, these effects are not of concern in dogs that have undergone ovariohysterectomy. jAQzDpODoDo}|7! FIGURE 2 Ava after 4 monthly injections of medroxyprogesterone acetate (5 mg/kg SC). endobj Frank LA, Watson JB. 1 E !h #QDA("+tNQhA1h !NxGL.1 IdHFLTHE Microneedling as a successful treatment for alopecia X in Pomeranian siblings. q+V?t]o#)3Ouopw,mB33w):Pa4dJbB[o*K '@E&kBCd1K"]3I! ),X &B@I,\n$ r+e|uS2w%vc'>Jt(mTJ #r|.=ii$pdW@F*K@t-_\aqBFxX('kx2{ovR|Zyc.qR6 cZ{f{R)G[J*qui8T*[S%`2&_(+BCeT1$E&'/5bPzLc-&f#|\\FzB/0cA9*].ZC7P7J7? Adenohypophyseal function in bitches treated with medroxyprogesterone acetate. %W4n6;!KEf*"Ds>ur,Io:p.]WaE[6XkXPP/4cY^5&[ E)/ 6,)W-,5grbo7"_dEQ.r7N)(0N 3g]mFJA?Xbl|36MPJRD1|*S-|l\t ZH?K$k@-m6^Txi3/YfS{EWTNO4mY@BRR|54 Oyv"FeT.twdxbiH+on|m5CiMS[MEfEy":-\-l SJ1,M),Z0iYEgiv/0h7f.jWSEDmZaqYW_lv~y@C-G;k,NmcA^v0E /Length 34360 Alopecia was first noticed after surgical correction of right patellar luxation. Guidelines for antimicrobial use in dogs and cats. Hair on the right pelvic limb that had been clipped for surgery failed to regrow. Join the ALL-NEW Veterinary Practice community; the online platform with nugget-sized, CPD-accredited veterinary training and resources! 2022 - Improve International, Alexandra House, Whittingham Drive, Wroughton, Swindon, Wiltshire SN4 0QJ, England. Frank LA, Hnilica KA, Oliver JW. Create a free account to read full articles and access web-exclusive content on www.cliniciansbrief.com. ~cJ*t\efkHf9kUjNZ&V`ldZma 3y$\Jv^)=p* FK!eB,:"DeIT\!l'sI] d~h'Gyahd=#c}O w!ae3_SB/]jeE2I"dBC4N5EjV6/t[)JK!&R&4)4&&%xW5cS}^#xEFD Hyposomatotropism in the mature dog: a discussion of 22 cases. |vb(Gd0X|:N[,:Z[6DFJC*dX-6(P\HqEa'%9o5:)UkHoER M^XGxk=^^|}}Gbb">izFxCGp 66M?.frd3# 5Fv;?*786|Wtia$L0,,x5 LYHXTQ #zYDbqYkC]4/oqQ`qr^"a~YG^iy%/%jl%6,0tOH~\\V^6_]{-ip=k\Fj[U{C]KI/442t ^Jq|DgMt'k1/o2tmXto0H`+@Efn?R14B2Q^U[k5^^ t\YFd\3XC0#T6}5j*J]NwQ?'ya JdX V)|/:z4@_v{FkR No part of this site may be reproduced without permission. Castration responsive dermatosis in the dog. In: Guardabassi L, Jensen LB, Kruse H, eds. 8_. ].m5S%',.ON UCEN)#fl8#)19uiExoCS 1(e;z|DT04#9qrysP[o;|`+m9Fp%}}!el&[.IDvO"kC 8VFD]i 4^ << resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. Its online. Pyoderma was treated with cefpodoxime (12 mg/kg PO q24h), which was administered slightly above the label dose (5-10 mg/kg q24h) to accommodate pill size, for 30 days. The prognosis for alopecia X is guarded for complete hair regrowth, and any new growth following treatment may not be permanent.1 Hair might remain for a period of months to years, at which point alopecia may recur1; in these cases, medroxyprogesterone acetate injections or another therapy could be attempted. | No hair regrowth was noted during the first 3 monthly rechecks. ]*/^p*Z4}>;k` l1X2[e`+-g[C0},b "bt"pCvHwBT_QXW#/8\st{=wq{=!Y{x}v,C sClk"l)&f Oa$xa@|iw`^. Wd s (Adobe) Although a biopsy can help confirm noninflammatory alopecia, histopathology cannot differentiate alopecia X from other noninflammatory diseases; therefore, biopsy was not performed in this patient. The skin in the affected areas was hyperpigmented with a mild, dry, adherent scale. No abnormalities were detected on blood work throughout the treatment, and no adverse effects were reported. Please enable JavaScript or switch to a JavaScript-capable browser. 4 0 obj m!iez\t5j OVRZJM%ko7": ls YG.Y/yc@lUcJomG\#3(0gBLY6"q To access full articles on www.cliniciansbrief.com, please sign in below. Learn how to enable JavaScript. Cherni JA, Boucher JF, Skogerboe TL, Tarnacki S, Gajewski KD, Lindeman CJ. Subscribers only, 30 June 2021 ;+pG 'gcx"^ wW7 wxn9[ }*(f8ZibIpX^kEL-Mg G;I=pN,pG%5o$^ B _R5:drL_!24eUadF'"1!-MN'$/ab"^%]xp#zh 6B:T`Av-l=(>|?"7>lGBf s)x^rH7f{m?N1Blgg4D=(5`l.U |'la0[m=p^|a0F(Z04 nl %;r{w4|07,DN$vIe}wE&}8V7pa`xO')0,l`NZ%mrR.g stream All Clinician's Brief content is reviewed for accuracy at the time of publication. 349 7028 73. You need to be a Member to view this content. b?[pC?=|!A-A;mt9Gr?Y:Y^ZTOdu?Z}oS*ehPbR)lFzC;6dKI -E0g`OXyf kKyRE"5V[`q[E"\Z< Registration 3568194 VAT No. s1T^ KOn #u4Ytm I)}d@>} 08{HN.6 Adrenal steroid hormone concentrations in dogs with hair cycle arrest (alopecia X) before and during treatment with melatonin and mitotane. Arlt SP, Spankowshy S, Heuwieser W. Follicular cysts and prolonged oestrus in a female dog after administration of a deslorelin implant. Based on breed, age at alopecia onset, and the lack of other clinical signs or laboratory abnormalities, diagnoses of alopecia X and secondary pyoderma were made. Treatment of alopecia X with trilostane. Alopecia X is a diagnosis of exclusion, as the pathophysiologic mechanism is unknown; other causes of hair cycle arrest (eg, hypothyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism, reproductive hormone disorders of intact animals) should be ruled out. Frank LA. In: von Tscharner C, Halliwell REW, eds. Ne& cgXFi"7+&U9ddmWM EfN -Y/+WK%MTNK%E=2!`i '[.#wZ}a Initial diagnostics included skin scrapings and skin cytology to screen for infectious agents. Melatonin (3-9 mg [1 mg/kg for small dogs] q12h) has resulted in hair regrowth in 40% to 60% of dogs with alopecia X. Looking for a range of resources, insights and CPD all in one place? Ava was up to date on monthly oral heartworm and flea preventives, was fed a commercial adult canned diet supplemented with treats, and had no other health issues. For global readers, a calculator to convert laboratory values, dosages, and other measurements to SI units can be found here. Because of melatonins previous lack of efficacy in this patient and the owners difficulty administering medications, the owner elected therapy with medroxyprogesterone acetate injections. 1q^@W73-{PLB(7u-7)'OBgCI5$I0&./pbd8%0?U%M(,6,@f`^wy=L|ShqR-Sc:*}~;?}pN )q?o6wI]K!En:]waRCKCF=AuNn2piOd4UIKwb;Kop?e*sUJ]}h{/WwA$Xa)R0o4b'ezxxxvHex7^jMa%klXoXbXde4jRooZhquD6noo*c}^J4k!c{a#mGQq\,^st #t 1px q ^/SmE s7z] slq+gDt_F?&gXhduZA*1:8dlvh"4aPh4Aj? KU*F%W(ULr CBC and serum chemistry profile were unremarkable with the exception of a mild increase in glucose, which was attributed to stress. 5 0 obj Alopecia X can be associated with secondary skin changes and pyoderma. >#sxG|^@|Z[Dv^D|^B| v"Dv.qE!~a?8x!e)xYWW5ux x(E|B|v~o;.xC|w~x#~ 'C'^"~#~,)8 |g|%| E_#~-Y8o[o/p."~#~/%x. Guardabassi L, Houser GA, Frank LA, Papich MG. Biopsy and histopathology should be performed to rule out inflammatory causes of alopecia (eg, sebaceous adenitis). | Want free access to the #1 publication for diagnostic and treatment information? Intact dogs with alopecia X should be spayed or neutered, as hair regrowth may occur after surgery. >> ?~b 18^LPyYq?-`}R951?akD"}M*)5n_*;9R Alopecia X is a noninflammatory form of alopecia that affects canine breeds with thick undercoats (eg, Pomeranian, Alaskan malamute, chow chow, keeshond).1 The disease is recognized in both intact and neutered dogs and affects males and females equally, with onset between 1 and 10 years of age. BD%(UBT Subscribers only. DMCA Copyright Alopecia progressed to the trunk, neck, abdomen, and caudal thighs. GjjfT /Wf ({f8JlO^ /QST^NQJdTz17SIqH\!cl,+X%i$C:R'L* }IvCAN*$Da9rW 3CKMU+aPZO(Z,HhDSR>3a&(;/($Dzj0 {-vV%B@0tw.XLPOee2wT;S t` o8-.Y/F*(x)"l''%'%Iz\Z)F&L6M=*2v2Zx{o&}3y?_0X~%+w;Od3oZ|>yA $H -dwnM&z7{T( t#E%/e@f`td &]652u4iA)a(A%L*P9%*gM WtG={xi_={z!C:bd8L /E?A@"Aa0F!C 1\ Urinalysis was within normal limits. *2007-2017 PERQ and Essential Media Studies, document.write(new Date().getFullYear()) Educational Concepts, L.L.C. Cp;(@#G(QP"c`b!X0V(A,R2(Cx(G,*'0y&A%ba2bT! Results of a previous low-dose dexamethasone suppression test and thyroid panel were within normal limits; reproductive hormone testing was not performed, and because of Avas plush coat before onset of alopecia, investigation into the owners use of topical hormone creams was not pursued. /Length1 65492 Hillier A, Lloyd DH, Weese JS, et al. Histopathology will not differentiate alopecia X from endocrine causes of alopecia. For questions or inquiries please contact us. FECS9/})b(Hu_h9U}Ep+79C>z0Z^\5Z8,qmt' Frank LA. We're sorry, but your current browser configuration is not compatible with this site. Treatment of alopecia X with medroxyprogesterone acetate.