13. If you have any trouble with our navigation menu, we recommend you use our site map for navigation. The seeming ambiguity of the clause has given rise to a number of different interpretations. No person held to service or labor in one state, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due. (TEMPORARY TRANSITION PROVISION for Sec. If the vote is favorable, then admission may be granted to such county or counties by the Board of Directors of the then existing Authority upon such terms and conditions as they may agree upon and evidenced by a resolution approved by two-thirds (2/3rds) of the then existing Board of Directors. 312 (1839), the court heard a case where one party obtained a judgment in South Carolina and sought to enforce it in Georgia, which had a statute of limitations that barred actions on judgments after a certain amount of time had passed since the judgment was entered. Said Justices shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective districts at a general election, for a term of six years and shall receive for their services the sum provided by law. 9B. Article I, Section 2, provides that "the faith of the people of Texas government" Article III, Sections 3 and 4, provide respectively that Senators and Representatives shall be chosen by the qualified electors. Revision and Adaptation. The Extradition Clause requires that fugitives from justice be extradited on the demand of executive authority of the state from which they flee. Later, Chief Justice John Marshall suggested that the judgment of one state court must be recognized by other states' courts as final. COURTS OF APPEALS; JUSTICES; JURISDICTION. (b) The Legislature shall provide for the option by the governing body of the city or cities whose airport facilities are served by certificated airlines and whose facility or some interest therein, is proposed to be or has been acquired by the Authority, to either appoint or elect a Board of Directors of said Authority. REMOVAL OF COUNTY SEATS. (c) The Legislature may by law authorize the creation of a hospital district within Jefferson County, the boundaries of which shall include only the area comprising the Jefferson County Drainage District No. Instead, by entering the Union, Texas was found to have surrendered control over the water and the soil under it to Congress. Sec. (c) If such tax is authorized, no political subdivision or municipality within or having the same boundaries as the district may levy a tax for medical or hospital care for needy individuals, nor shall they maintain or erect hospital facilities, but the district shall by resolution assume all such responsibilities and shall assume all of the liabilities and obligations (including bonds and warrants) of such subdivisions or municipalities or both. (h) The commissioners court of a county may declare the office of constable in a precinct dormant if at least seven consecutive years have passed since the end of the term of the person who was last elected or appointed to the office and during that period of time no person was elected to fill that office, or during that period a person was elected to that office, but the person failed to meet the qualifications of that office or failed to assume the duties of that office. 1-a: See Appendix, Note 3.). (2000). (b) No person shall be eligible to serve in the office of Chief Justice or Justice of the Supreme Court unless the person: (1) is licensed to practice law in the State of Texas; (2) is, at the time of election, a citizen of the United States and a resident of the State of Texas; (3) has attained the age of thirty-five years; (A) a practicing lawyer licensed in the State of Texas for at least ten years; or, (B) a practicing lawyer licensed in the State of Texas and judge of a state court or county court established by the Legislature by statute for a combined total of at least ten years; and. One of them brought suit in federal court, arguing that Rhode Island's government was not "republican" in character, and that his arrest (along with all of the government's other acts) was invalid. (e) The Legislature shall authorize the purchase or acquisition by the Authority of any existing airport facility publicly owned and financed and served by certificated airlines, in fee or of any interest therein, or to enter into any lease agreement therefor, upon such terms and conditions as may be mutually agreeable to the Authority and the owner of such facilities, or authorize the acquisition of same through the exercise of the power of eminent domain. The first section requires states to extend "full faith and credit" to the public acts, records and court proceedings of other states. COUNTY-WIDE HOSPITAL DISTRICTS IN CERTAIN LARGE COUNTIES. (Added Nov. 6, 2001.) The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims of the United States, or of any particular state. License: 2022, Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board, The Texas State Constitution and the American Federal System, Introduction to Texas History and Politics, The Executive Department and the Office of the Governor of Texas, Voting and Political Participation in Texas, Introduction: The Texas State Constitution and the American Federal System, The Evolution of the Texas State Constitution, Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States (1824), Constitution Of Coahuila And Texas (1827), Constitution of the Republic of Texas (1836), The 1870s: The Constitutional Convention of 1875. (Feb. 15, 1876. 14. Sec. (c) A majority of the total membership of the board constitutes a quorum for the transaction of business. (e) Unless the legislature enacts a statewide reapportionment of the judicial districts following each federal decennial census, the board shall convene not later than the first Monday of June of the third year following the year in which the federal decennial census is taken to make a statewide reapportionment of the districts. This article makes a personal income tax unlikely in Texas because: registered voters in the state must approve a personal income tax. The Legislature shall have the power to provide by law, for an appeal direct to the Supreme Court of this State from an order of any trial court granting or denying an interlocutory or permanent injunction on the grounds of the constitutionality or unconstitutionality of any statute of this State, or on the validity or invalidity of any administrative order issued by any state agency under any statute of this State. Justices of the peace shall be ex officio notaries public. Hi, it looks like JavaScript has been disabled in your browser. Find out from TexPlainer at the Texas Tribune. (3) satisfying the debts and bond obligations, if any, of the district, in such manner as to protect the interests of the citizens within the district, including their collective property rights in the assets and property of the district, provided, however, that any grant from federal funds, however dispensed, shall be considered an obligation to be repaid in satisfaction and provided that no election to dissolve shall be held more often than once each year. (b) The Supreme Court shall promulgate rules of civil procedure for all courts not inconsistent with the laws of the state as may be necessary for the efficient and uniform administration of justice in the various courts. [7] It would later be applied with regard to the formation of Maine (from Massachusetts) and West Virginia (from Virginia). In the event of a vacancy in the appointed membership, the vacancy is filled for the unexpired term in the same manner as the original appointment. Sec. c. Why is some risk diversifiable? [12], The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State.[13]. OFFICERS CONSTITUTING EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. (c) The legislature may delegate to the Supreme Court or Court of Criminal Appeals the power to promulgate such other rules as may be prescribed by law or this Constitution, subject to such limitations and procedures as may be provided by law. The Supreme Court, after considering the record of such appearance and the recommendation of the Commission, may suspend the person from office with or without pay, pending final disposition of the charge. Amended Aug. 11, 1891, Nov. 8, 1977, and Nov. 4, 1980.). Any county now existing may be reduced to an area of not less than seven hundred square miles by a like two-thirds vote. However, the great majority of agencies are created by statute and must function under the separation requirement, thus compelling Texas courts to establish parameters for . Sec. The adoption of a reapportionment order requires a majority vote of the total membership of the board. (d) Notwithstanding Section 1, Article II, of this constitution and any other provision of this constitution, if the supreme court does not act on a motion for rehearing before the 180th day after the date on which the motion is filed, the motion is denied. COUNTY FACILITIES FOR INDIGENT INHABITANTS. 30. Voter turnout for the constitutional amendment elections could be improved if: they were held at the same time as presidential elections. At the time, the Rhode Island constitution was the old royal charter established in the 17th century. (a) The supreme court and the court of criminal appeals have jurisdiction to answer questions of state law certified from a federal appellate court. Service on the tribunal shall be considered part of the official duties of a judge, and no additional compensation may be paid for such service. Amended Aug. 11, 1891, Nov. 7, 1978, Nov. 4, 1980, and Nov. 5, 1985.). Commissioners may succeed themselves in office only if having served less than three (3) consecutive years. The constitution is silent on the question of whether or not a state may unilaterally leave, or secede from, the Union. (g) (Redesignated as Subsec. (c) When the boundaries of justice of the peace and constable precincts are changed, each Justice and Constable in office on the effective date of the change, or elected to a term of office beginning on or after the effective date of the change, shall serve in the precinct in which the person resides for the term to which each was elected or appointed, even though the change in boundaries places the person's residence outside the precinct for which he was elected or appointed, abolishes the precinct for which he was elected or appointed, or temporarily results in extra Justices or Constables serving in a precinct. The maximum tax rate submitted shall be sufficient to discharge such obligations, liabilities, and responsibilities, and to maintain and operate the hospital system, and the Legislature may authorize the District to issue tax bonds for the purpose of the purchase, construction, acquisition, repair or renovation of improvements and initially equipping the same, and such bonds shall be payable from said seventy-five cent (75) tax. (Feb. 15, 1876. The case prohibited the entering upon the public lands of the United States and removing wild burros under the New Mexico Estray Law.[16]. A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime. New states may be admitted by the Congress into this union; but no new states shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other state; nor any state be formed by the junction of two or more states, or parts of states, without the consent of the legislatures of the states concerned as well as of the Congress. Article 4 of the Texas Constitution creates a plural executive, stating that there are ___ distinct offices in the executive branch. (a) The Supreme Court is responsible for the efficient administration of the judicial branch and shall promulgate rules of administration not inconsistent with the laws of the state as may be necessary for the efficient and uniform administration of justice in the various courts. 4 OF COMANCHE COUNTY. Established the Permanent School Fund, Places limits on the raising and spending of public funds, Authorizes the Texas Legislature to create county governments, Specifics regarding local governments, including empowering them to tax, and how to charter cities, Specifics regarding public businesses, including how they would be regulated, Article 13: Spanish and Mexican Land Titles, Specifics on which land with previous claims would become state property, Established the Land Office which regulated land titles, Specifics on how to remove a public official from office, Miscellaneous regulations, ie., forbidding the legislature from printing money, forbidding U.S. public officials from holding a state office, Article 17: Mode of Amending the Constitution of this State. 5b. (2), (5)-(10), and (12) amended Nov. 8, 1977; Subsecs. Since the 1987 case of Puerto Rico v. Branstad, federal courts may also use the Extradition Clause to require the extradition of fugitives. 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